California State Social Studies Standards:
6.4 Students analyze the geographic,
political, economic, religious, and social structures of the early
civilizations of Ancient Greece.
- Discuss the connections between geography and the development of
city-states in the region of the Aegean Sea, including patterns of trade
and commerce among Greek city-states and within the wider Mediterranean
region.
- Trace the transition from tyranny and oligarchy to early democratic
forms of government and back to dictatorship in ancient Greece,
including the significance of the invention of the idea of citizenship
(e.g., from Pericles' Funeral Oration).
- State the key differences between Athenian, or direct, democracy and
representative democracy.
- Explain the significance of Greek mythology to the everyday life of
people in the region and how Greek literature continues to permeate our
literature and language today, drawing from Greek mythology and epics,
such as Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, and from
Aesop's Fables.
- Outline the founding, expansion, and political organization of the
Persian Empire.
- Compare and contrast life in Athens and Sparta, with emphasis on
their roles in the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars.
- Trace the rise of Alexander the Great and the spread of Greek
culture eastward and into Egypt.
- Describe the enduring contributions of important Greek figures in
the arts and sciences (e.g., Hypatia, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle,
Euclid, Thucydides).
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